This worksheet helps Scouts earn the Auto Maintenance merit badge. It's designed to be a comprehensive guide, covering all the requirements and providing space for you to record your progress. Remember to work with a qualified adult who is knowledgeable about auto maintenance. Safety is paramount throughout this process. Always wear appropriate safety gear, including eye protection and gloves.
Section 1: Basic Automotive Knowledge
Requirement 1: Explain the function of the following systems in an automobile: engine, transmission, drive train, steering, braking, and electrical systems.
| System | Function | Notes/Observations |
|---|---|---|
| Engine | Converts fuel into mechanical energy to power the vehicle. | Describe the type of engine (e.g., 4-cylinder, V6, etc.) and its components. |
| Transmission | Transfers power from the engine to the wheels, changing gear ratios as needed. | Explain the difference between automatic and manual transmissions. |
| Drive Train | The system that transmits power from the transmission to the wheels. | Identify the components of your chosen vehicle's drive train (e.g., axles, shafts). |
| Steering | Controls the direction of the vehicle. | Describe different steering mechanisms and their operation. |
| Braking | Slows or stops the vehicle. | Explain the different braking systems (e.g., disc brakes, drum brakes, ABS). |
| Electrical | Powers all electrical components in the vehicle, including lights, ignition, etc. | List key components of the electrical system and their functions. |
Requirement 2: Explain the importance of regular maintenance, including lubrication, and the effects of neglecting maintenance.
- Importance of Regular Maintenance: Regular maintenance prevents costly repairs, improves fuel efficiency, ensures safety, and extends the life of the vehicle.
- Lubrication: Crucial for reducing friction between moving parts, preventing wear and tear.
- Effects of Neglecting Maintenance: Can lead to engine failure, component damage, safety hazards, and decreased fuel economy. Provide specific examples.
Section 2: Practical Automotive Skills
Requirement 3: Show you can properly check and maintain fluid levels (engine oil, coolant, power steering fluid, brake fluid, transmission fluid, and windshield washer fluid).
| Fluid Type | Checking Procedure | Maintaining Procedure | Notes/Observations |
|---|---|---|---|
| Engine Oil | Check dipstick when engine is cold. | Add oil as needed, using the correct type and amount. | Record oil type and viscosity used. |
| Coolant | Check coolant level in the expansion tank (when cold). | Add coolant as needed, ensuring proper mixture of coolant and water. | Note the coolant type used. |
| Power Steering | Check fluid level in the reservoir. | Add fluid as needed, using the correct type. | |
| Brake Fluid | Check fluid level in the master cylinder reservoir. | Do NOT add brake fluid unless you know how to properly bleed the brakes! | Seek assistance from a qualified adult. |
| Transmission Fluid | Check fluid level according to the vehicle's owner's manual. | Consult owner's manual for maintenance procedures. | Some transmissions are sealed and require no maintenance. |
| Windshield Washer | Check fluid level in the reservoir. | Add washer fluid as needed. |
Requirement 4: Show how to check and adjust tire pressure and explain the effects of improper inflation.
- Checking Tire Pressure: Use a reliable tire pressure gauge. Check pressure when tires are cold.
- Adjusting Tire Pressure: Add or release air as needed to achieve the recommended pressure (found on a sticker inside the driver's side doorjamb or in the owner's manual).
- Effects of Improper Inflation: Underinflation leads to reduced fuel economy, increased wear and tear, and a greater risk of blowouts. Overinflation can cause a harsher ride and uneven tire wear.
Requirement 5: Show you can change a tire. (With adult supervision)
- Steps: Describe the steps involved in changing a flat tire, including jacking up the car, removing the flat, installing the spare, and lowering the car.
- Safety Precautions: Emphasize the importance of safety, using wheel chocks, and proper jack placement.
Requirement 6: Explain the importance of routine inspections (lights, turn signals, wipers, horn, mirrors, and safety belts).
- Importance: Regular inspections ensure all safety features are functioning correctly, preventing accidents and ensuring safe operation of the vehicle.
- Procedure: Describe how to check each item on the list.
Requirement 7: Explain the purpose and operation of the following safety devices: seat belts, air bags, and anti-lock brakes (ABS).
- Seat Belts: Restrain occupants during a collision, significantly reducing the risk of injury.
- Air Bags: Supplemental restraint systems that inflate during a collision to cushion impact.
- Anti-lock Brakes (ABS): Prevent wheel lockup during braking, allowing the driver to maintain steering control.
This worksheet provides a framework for earning the Auto Maintenance merit badge. Remember to consult your merit badge pamphlet for complete requirements and always work with a qualified adult for safety and guidance. Good luck!
